The Dance of Poverty and Education for Childhood Nutritional Victimization in Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Hakim¹, Md. Kamruzzaman^{2, *}

¹School of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh

²School of Victimology and Restorative Justice, Institute of Social Welfare and Research, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

Nutritional victimization in childhood is going spiral in view of a global health threat as in Bangladesh as the children are not aware of importance of taking balanced diet in order to their ongoing pauperism across the country. They cannot achieve proper education as a passive affect of their poverty as well. The primary aim of the study is to highlight the nutritional victimogenesis engulfing the societies. The secondary aim is the verbal sketching of the workflow for reducing childhood victimization across different societies in Bangladesh.

Keywords

Nutritional Victimization, Childhood, Education and Poverty, Socio-Economic Status, Bangladesh

Received:May 18, 2016
Accepted: July 11, 2016
Published online: August 5, 2016

@ 2016 The Authors. Published by American Institute of Science. This Open Access article is under the CC BY license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

1. Introduction

Children are the kids aged less than 18 years ages coming to fight to gild the globe aiming to adapt a decent life as the globe is their habitual abode [1-3]. The facing of nutritional victimization in childhood in a big headache in the world now-a-days due to deprivation of getting educational opportunities because of the giant poverty by name in the developing countries [4-9]. About 1.3 million children and infants die in developing countries and the greater bulk of these deaths are linked to malnutrition [10] and malnutrition is the largest single contributor to child mortality in the developing countries [11-13]. Nearly 4 of each 5 malnourished children in South - East Asian region and it is now documented to occur 83% of child deaths are attributed to mild to moderate malnutrition [14,15]. Childhood malnutrition leads to stunted growth and enlarged morbidity and mortality which decrease the survival chances of adults in later life span and intellectual and spiritual development [16-19]. There are only few studies found on the topic related studies in abroad denying any study in Bangladesh, the South Asian developing country in the previous years and therefore the current study is conducted to focus the poverty and educational background in care of nutritional victimization offenders to affect the upright childhood in Bangladesh.

2. Poverty and Nutritional Victimization

Bangladesh is an agricultural country and around 2/3^rd of the population are the earners of their income from agriculture. The crops were destroyed at yearly flooding session leads their life in a misery condition depriving of adequate health care, water, shelter and sanitation [20-23]. They cannot give proper support to their children and hence a big portion of them are turned into the thrown away children. They migrate to rural areas to gain their economic support to earn their foods and other essentials [24,25]. Of them, about 35.5% children are able to earn >2000 BDT and about 4.2% are <1000 BDT per month living their life as a homeless kids in different streets, factories and other informal works to manage two times meals (light meals) by 15%of them [26].

Figure 1. Earning of thrown away children in Bangladesh [26].

3. Education and Nutritional Victimization

The parents are mostly illiterate working as farmers and other lower class works in the societies in various topographic sites in Bangladesh. The parents cannot but making their children as an earning member of their family due to their not being educated and they cannot give their children the proper education facilities [27-29]. The education level improves the nutritional condition of the children [6, 17 and 30-32].

4. Nutritional Victimization Influencing Factors

There are different social, cultural, religious, demographic, topographic, seasonal, environmental and many others confounding factors to create child victimization in nutritional arena [33-35]. The basic causes of childhood nutritional victimization are as sketched in the figure 2 as a complex network of different factors to hit upon the nutritional victimogenesis [36,37].

Figure 2. Basic measures to accelerate nutritional victimogenesis during childhood.

5. Discussion

This study is done in a South Asian developing country Bangladesh by name in the world as rule as availability of sample. Nutritional victimization is the state of depriving complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being [38] of the population at the societies in the country. To choose the right foods in hygienic way is the key to the observance of healthy life and the children are not able to choose right foods considering nutrients or other food associated substances which can make them healthy and sometimes they are at bay to eat the right foods paying concentration on rumors because they do not know how to consume foods by further processing using easy tricks to make the foods safe for consumption [39-41]. They are not provided constitution approved nutritional facilities at all in Bangladesh [42,43]. The nutrients consuming in the body supports the growth and development, health and nutritional care and physical and mental activities and help to prevent diseases [44-47]. The spatial microsimulation modelling [48-50] can be a constructive bid in designing policies and see any governments and NGOs, environmental and spatial effects across different sites [51-53] in the country as these tools are in galore application in most of the developed countries for observing nutritional soundness of children curbing the health confounding factors to eradicate malnutrition by 2020: an Agenda for Change in the Millennium [54,55].

6. Conclusion

Childhood malnutrition is the largest public health threat in developing countries like Bangladesh. The present study upshot revealed that nutritional victimogenesis is a multi-dimensional threat correlated to socioeconomic and demographic traits; mostly relied on educational background and observed pauperism of the concerned population. So the think tank should come up with splashing bid in order to overcome these sad tales. Future research should move further to investigate the problems aiming to implement different measures to curb the health, hygiene and nutritional confounding effects. Microsimulation modelling methods should be also explored in future studies for the policy designing and implementing to shirk nutritional victimization in the country.

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